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 Ramin hakar ma'adinai | |
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| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Sharar masana'antu da anthropogenic environmental material (en)  |
A cikin hakar ma'adinan, shine kayayyakin da suka rage bayan aiwatar da aikin raba juzu'i mai mahimmanci daga juzu'in rashin tattalin arziki ( gangue ) na tama . Wutsiyar wutsiya sun bambanta da nauyi mai yawa, wanda shine dutsen sharar gida ko wasu kayan da suka wuce tama ko ma'adinai kuma ana yin gudun hijira a lokacin hakar ma'adinai ba tare da sarrafa su ba.
Ana iya yin hakar ma'adanai daga ma'adanin ta hanyoyi biyu: ma'adinin placer, wanda ke amfani da ruwa da nauyi don tattara ma'adanai masu mahimmanci, ko ma'adinan dutse mai wuya, wanda ya rushe dutsen da ke dauke da ma'adinin sannan kuma ya dogara da halayen sunadarai don mayar da hankali ga abin da ake nema. abu. A karshen, hakar ma'adanai daga ma'adinai na bukatar comminution, watau, nika tama cikin lafiya barbashi don saukake hakar na manufa (s). Saboda wannan comminution, wutsiya sun kunshi slurry na lallausan barbashi, jere daga girman yashi zuwa Yan micrometers. Yawancin wutsiya na ma'adanan ana samar da su daga injin niƙa a cikin nau'i na slurry, wanda shine cakuda bangarorin ma'adinai masu kyau da ruwa. 
Wutsiya na iya zama tushen hadari na sinadarai masu guba kamar karfe mai nauyi, sulfides da abun ciki na rediyo . Wadannan sinadarai suna da hadari musamman idan aka adana su cikin ruwa a cikin tafkunan bayan dam din wutsiya .[ana buƙatar hujja] suna da hadari ga manyan barna ko digogi daga madatsun ruwa, suna haifar da bala'o'in muhalli . Saboda wadannan da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli kamar zubar ruwa na kasa, hayaki mai guba da mutuwar tsuntsaye, tarin wutsiya da tafkuna galibi suna karkashin bincike na tsari. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dawo da kimar tattalin arziki, kunshi ko kuma rage tasirin wutsiya. Duk da haka, a duniya, wadannan ayyukan ba su da kyau, wani lokacin take hakkin dan adam. Don rage hadarin cutarwa, an kafa ka'idar matakin farko na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don sarrafa wutsiya 2020.